Before we delve into exploring sexual behavior challenges, keep in mind that you should always think of children from a whole-child point of view. This means that children’s behavior and development, no matter how disruptive or delayed, are only parts of who they are. It can be easy, given the sensitive nature of sexual development and behavior, to focus in on children’s problems rather than thinking more openly about their uniqueness and strengths. Remember that children’s behavior communicates messages, and an important part of your work as a caregiver is to interpret these messages so you develop a deep understanding of children’s lives, how they relate to the world around them, and the best ways to support their learning and growth.

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性行为挑战: Cautionary and Problematic

Now that you have a base of knowledge for normative sexual development and behavior in children and youth, you may be wondering about development and behavior that is不是normative. Perhaps you have observed sexual behavior in your work in child care that doesn’t seem to fit into the normative category or wasn’t easily redirected. Let’s start by defining sexual behavior problems, which we will refer to throughout the course as性行为挑战.

Remember that sexual behavior in children and youth occurs on a continuum, and what is cautionary for one child may be normative for another child and context. Review the table from Lesson One to remind yourself of the general characteristics of each type of sexual behavior.

As you learn more about sexual behavior challenges, the lines can become even more blurry, especially when considering factors such as children’s intent. Review the table below for examples of cautionary and problematic sexual behavior arranged by developmental stage. Keep in mind that these examples are guidelines, not hard rules. What is normative sexual behavior versus a sexual behavior challenge may vary depending on various factors (culture and family, development, intention, frequency and participation, environment, effect on others, and ability for redirection).

你的最初感受的行为是什么described? Perhaps you’ve observed some of these behaviors in your work, or you may feel shocked or upset. While it is upsetting to think of children in some of the circumstances described, knowledge builds understanding and awareness. It is difficult to give an estimate for how common sexual behavior problems are in children and youth because there are not definite descriptions for what is normative versus a sexual behavior challenge. Some research suggests 2 to 3 percent of children will demonstrate sexual behaviors problems (Carpentier et al., 2006; Chaffin et al., 2008); whereas, the majority of children display some normative behaviors at some point during childhood (Kellogg, 2009). It is likely that you will encounter children with sexual behavior challenges at some point during your work in child care. The more informed you are about these behaviors, their complex nature, and how to respond, the more supportive you can be to these children and their families.

Behavior Communicates Messages

Take some time to think about sexual behavior challenges from the perspective of children, and remember that behavior communicates messages. When children and youth have sexual behavior challenges, what messages do you think they are trying to communicate? As you explore this question, it may be helpful to think generally about challenging behavior. “Acting out,” “disobeying,” and “inappropriate behavior” are often the result of children lacking the developmental and relationship-building skills needed to meet the expectations of the adults around them. When children have sexual behavior challenges, they are often trying to communicate the following messages:

正如您反映上述陈述，这些信息如何影响对具有性行为挑战的儿童的思想？你是否看到警告和有问题的性行为作为“表现出来”，“不服从”和“不合适？”或者你怀疑有性行为的儿童挑战令人困惑，害怕和不确定自己？如果您观察到您的计划中的性行为挑战，请重新思考这些经历，而这些经验和这些儿童可能一直试图沟通的消息。虽然我们不认为性行为挑战是对儿童的发展和福祉的理想挑战，但有些孩子可能有经历这些行为对他们的适应性，或者为他们提供所需的东西。例如，一些孩子从事性行为以应对创伤或与他人获得关系（Gilgum，2006）。

Risk Factors for Sexual Behavior Challenges

由于各种原因，儿童发生了性行为问题，并且通常有多种因素为有这些行为有助于儿童和青年。审查增加儿童和青少年性行为问题的可能性的风险因素。

性行为挑战的儿童往往呈现其他挑战性的行为和社会困难，例如缺乏冲动控制，遵循规则难度，难以使朋友或与他人发挥作用，以及有限的自我规定技能。了解有关具有挑战性行为的更多信息，包括预防策略以及如何为在VLS重点课程课程中遇到行为挑战的儿童提供适当的支持yabo11vip支持挑战性行为的儿童.

当儿童和青少年的性行为可能是虐待的迹象

如果您记得您在虚拟实验室学校其他地方的其他地方学到的信息，则性行为挑战和儿童滥用和忽视存在一些共享风险因素。yabo11vip然而，这很重要不是to assume that children with sexual behavior problems have also been abused. There are many instances where children with no history of abuse or neglect have sexual behavior challenges. Review the Child Abuse: Identification & Reporting course if you need support in determining whether an observed sexual behavior may be a sign of abuse and warrants a mandated report. This can be very difficult to do, and these situations are often stressful and upsetting for child care professionals. If you are unsure whether you should make a report or if you feel you need support after making a report, speak with a coach, trainer, or administrator. Remember that it is not your role to determine if abuse has actually occurred, but you have fulfilled your duty as a mandated reporter and possibly stopped child abuse from further occurring when you report suspected and definitive child abuse and neglect.

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当成年人认识到他们早期有这些挑战时，有性性行为挑战的儿童受益匪浅。听取专家描述性行为挑战，可能使孩子更容易发生的危险因素，以及帮助儿童克服性行为挑战的保护区因素或条件。保护因素通过逆境支持儿童。当保护区导致儿童福祉最小化时，您能想到其他情况吗？

性行为挑战

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Language Matters: Speaking about Children and Youth with Sexual Behavior Challenges

当您在对儿童和青年中的性发展和行为的考虑时，在本课程中的一个课程中的反思机会思考。您了解到，围绕本课题有广泛的文化和个人信仰，影响了一个人的舒适程度，也是对儿童的性行为的影响。当您与有关儿童和青年的同事和家庭沟通时，请记住这一点。类似于当您谈论残疾儿童时，使用人的第一语言。例如，“洛拉有性​​性行为挑战历史”是首选，“洛拉是一个问题的孩子，”性罪犯，“施虐者”或“性掠夺者”。鉴于将受到基于研究的干预的性行为挑战的绝大多数儿童不会将这些行为持续到青春期和成年人（Silovsky，Swisher，Widdifield，＆Burris，2012），这条术语令人难以置信。用于描述具有性行为挑战的儿童的语言可以影响您的计划的社区和其他支持系统，如儿童福利和执法，做出决定。诸如“性罪犯”的术语可以对执法人员中的某些术语具有对儿童发展的培训几乎没有或没有培训。对于被判犯有性犯罪的人来说，性犯罪者是一个法律术语。此外，我们在以这种方式标记它们时，我们会发出什么消息？ How do you think children and youth feel when they are called terms such as “deviant”? Children, their families, and the community may interpret some terms to mean that these children are bad, rather than guiding them to understand that what they did was wrong, but it does not mean they are bad children. Shaming children can deeply affect their social-emotional well-being and future behaviors, and it is important to use a whole-child point of view when supporting children with sexual behavior challenges. Review the examples below for appropriate versus inappropriate terms for children with sexual behavior challenges.

通过全社区安全媒体和技术使用防止性行为挑战

Think about the ever-present role of media and technology in our lives. As it becomes more common for families to have various electronic devices in their homes and for children and youth to spend increasing amounts of time on them, many children’s access to sexually explicit content occurs earlier and through more mediums (TV, social media, internet search, print). Even in family environments where there is close supervision of children and their media use, it is impossible to control everything children are exposed to.

同行可以严重影响其他孩子的性知识。受到密切关注美国儿科学院建议的家庭的儿童（婴儿，幼儿和学龄前儿童亚慱彩票;学龄儿童）参加有关各一天内有设备的家庭的儿童的课程，有限监督。大多数家庭的实践可能在中间的某个地方，但知道您的计划中的儿童在家里的媒体经历了多样化的经验。通过媒体更有知识和暴露性内容的儿童可能会讨论他们所看到和听到的同龄人，以及您程序中一个孩子的性知识可以影响许多其他孩子的性知识。

让我们考虑媒体使用如何影响性行为的严重程度或类型。两个7岁的孩子可能会搞，“告诉我你的人，我会告诉你我的行为并互相暴露他们的私人部分。这是它自己的是一种奇妙驱动的规范性行为，并且可能是无害的。如果这种情况下的孩子使用平板电脑并开始拍摄儿童的生殖器，这成为一个更严重的问题，并且在某些法律下可能被视为儿童色情内容。虽然您无法控制家庭住宅中发生的事情，但家庭生活经历在您的计划中影响儿童的知识和行为。建立社区对媒体的认识媒体曝光可能对性行为创造一个更了解如何防止性行为挑战的社区。